让步状语从句的用法一(表示“虽然，即使，尽管”)

1. although，though，even though，even if都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意，though 和although 语气较弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式)，even if和even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如：Although they are poor, they are happy. 虽然他们很穷，但很快乐。// Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat. 天气虽然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。// Though they may not succeed, they will still try. 即使他们可能不会成功，但他们仍努力尝试。// The article is very important though it is short. 那篇文章虽然很短，但很重要。// He is better, though not yet cured. 他好一点了，虽仍未痊愈。// Even though it was raining, she walked to work. 即使下雨，她也是走着去工作的。// I’ll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes. 今晚我将去拜访他，即使我只能停留一小会儿。

注意：though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊，它可以倒装，也可以不倒装，具体用法参见as引导让步状语从句的用法。

2. as引导让步状语从句表示“虽然、即使、尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，as引导的倒装形式的让步状语从句的基本结构为：形容词/副词/名词(单数可数名词前一般不带冠词，有时也可见单数可数名词前形容词与不定冠词连用、形容词放在不定冠词前)/动词/过去分词+as+主语+谓语的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. 这位作者尽管了不起，到头来却成了一个坏榜样。// Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true. 这个故事看似荒唐，却是真的。// Rich as he is, he is not happy. 虽然他很富有，但他并不幸福。// Child as he is, he can tell black from white.(倒装时要省去单个名词前的冠词)尽管还是个孩子，他却能分辨黑白。// Brave (a) man as he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。// Badly wounded as he was, he remained quite optimistic. 尽管伤势很重，他仍然十分乐观。// Try as he would, he could not lift the rock. 虽然尽了最大努力，但是他仍然不能搬动那块石头。

[考题1] We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table.

A. since B. although C. until D. before

[答案] B

[解析] 下划线处之后所述的“我们已经预订了一桌”与前面所述的“我们已经不得不等了半个小时”之间语意相反，四个选项中although表示“即便……”，引导让步状语从句最为合适。