来源:新东方在线
发布时间:2016-05-19
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1.a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel
建造一条长21英里的隧道的计划
twenty-one-mile作 tunnel的修饰语,注意 mile为单数。plan for 名词/动名词表示“……的计划”:
They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home.
他们总是为假期制订各种计划,但是,末了,他们总是呆在家里。
He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river.
他带来了在这条河上建一座桥的计划。
2.serve as
充当,起……的作用(也可以说 serve for)
The books on the floor may serve as/for a carpet.
地板上的书可充当地毯用了。
This sofa can serve as/for (a) bed.
这张沙发可以当床用。
3.a better plan was put forward
提出了一项更好的计划
put forward为固定短语,可分开用,其含义之一是“提出(计划、建议等)”:
You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?
你知道他们不会接受你的计划。你为什么要提出来呢?
Has he put forward any suggestion?
他提出什么建议了吗?
4.He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.
他提议建一条双轨隧道。
suggest后面跟从句时,从句的谓语动词形式为 should(可省略) 动词原形(cf.第63课语法):
He suggested (that) they (should) change the plans.
他建议他们改变计划。
suggest后面也可以跟名词或动名词形式。(cf.第47课词汇学习)
5.It was officially opened on March 7, 1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.
它于1994年3月7日正式开通,将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。
现在分词 connecting 引导的短语相当于一个并列分句。connect表示“连接”、“连结”,可与to或with连用:
This road connects the willage with/to London.
这条公路连接着这个村子与伦敦。
The lake and the canal are connected by a river.
这个湖与运河之间由一条小河相连。
语法 Grammar in use
第3类条件句
(1)在第16课的语法中,我们学习了用第1类条件句表示将来很可能发生的事:
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
一旦你把汽车停错了地方,交通警便很快就会发现。
在第40课的语法中,我们学习了用第2类条件句谈论想像中的情况或描写完全不可能的事:
If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!
如果你多吃点,少说点,我们两个都会吃得好的!
If I were you, I would not go to London tomorrow.
如果我是你,我明天就不去伦敦。(婉转的建议)
(2)第3类条件句的基本结构与前两类都不一样,if从句需用过去完成时,主句用would have/should have 过去分词形式:
If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.
要是下雨,我们就会呆在家里了。
第3类条件句在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情,在主句里讲述想像的结果。它与第2类条件句有一定的相似之处。但是,第3类条件句所谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果,因为它们指的是过去没有过的事情。它们是所谓的“假设条件句”:
If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.
要是我上学时勤奋一些,我就会有较好的工作了。(事实是现在的工作不太好)
在 if从句中可用 could have 过去分词代替 had been able to 动词原形。
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